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Kentucky & Indiana Terminal Bridge
The Kentucky & Indiana Bridge is one of the first multi modal bridges to cross the Ohio River. It is for both railway and common roadway purposes together.〔Schmantzel, Chaz. ''Articles of Association - Kentucky & Indiana Bridge Company, New Albany, Indiana, USA''. Floyd County Recorder - New Albany, Indiana, March 7, 1881, p. 25 - 26.〕 By federal, state, and local law railway and streetcar, wagon-way, and pedestrian modes of travel were intended by the City of New Albany, City of Louisville, State of Kentucky, State of Indiana, the United States Congress, and the bridge owners.〔Woods, J D. '' Seventh Annual Report of the Railroad Commission of Kentucky ''. Commonwealth of Kentucky Railroad Commission, Volume 7, 1886, p. 11.〕 The K & I Bridge connects Louisville, Kentucky to New Albany, Indiana. Constructed from 1881 to 1885 by the Kentucky and Indiana Bridge Company, it opened in 1886. Originally, it included a single standard gauge track and two wagon ways, allowing wagons and other animal powered vehicles to cross the Ohio River by a method other than ferry for the first time. At the time motorized vehicles were virtually nonexistent. The K&I Bridge company also owned a ferry boat operation during both the 1st and 2nd bridge; eventually that operation was sold as the bridge's success largely outmoded boat usage.
==Unique features==
The bridge also featured a rotating swing span opening for the passage of ships in high water. The bridge was only opened four times, twice for testing in 1913 and 1915, then in 1916 for the passage of the steamer "Tarascon" and in 1920 for passage of the Australian convict ship "Success". In 1948 it refused opening of the span for passage of the steamer "Gordon C. Greene" citing inconvenience and costs of cutting power and communication lines, an action for which K&I and LG&E both paid damages to that ship's company. In 1955 the K&I sought and received permission to permanently tie down the swing span from the Corps of Engineers.〔The Swing Spans operational history is from both the official K&I history records and Nautical history records of the convict ship "Success". Old photographs of the bridge opened are in postcard form and pictured in ''The Courier-Journal''. The University of Louisville's Ekstrom Library has a picture of the Convict Ship docked at 5th Street Wharf in Louisville.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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